Cross-dyeing cellulose fabrics



Patented May 6, 1930 UNITED STATES KESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO' B. B." & R.

P TENT OFFICE com? 0. warsoiv; or numeric, irassacnusnrrs, assren'on, BY nmnc'r m KNIGHT CORPORATION, OF PROVIDENCE,

nnonn ISLAND, A CORPORATION or nnonn ISLAND No Drawing.

My invention relates to an improved proces of manufacturingan all cellulose textile fabric in contrasting colors. I employ the words cellulose textile fabric to include an all cotton fabric, or. a fabric made from the type of rayons which contain substantially the same percentage of cellulose as cotton or a greater percentage of cellulose and which have substantially the same. aflinity for the same types of dyestuffs as cotton namely, viscose rayon, cupraammonium rayon and chardonet rayon, etc, entirely or mixed with cotton. This application is a continuation in part of application #73,,471, filed Dec. 5,, 1925, which discloses broadly the same invention as this application.' There is filed of even date herewith a second application Serial No. 123,802, a continuation of application #94989, filed Mar. 1'1, 1926 covering specifically a second species of the broad-invention disclosed in this application and another application covering a third species of the invention, Serial #123,803, filed of even date herewith, July. '20, 1926.

Hitherto where ithas been desired to produce a fabric having a two color effect, either the warp or the filling have been woven of two different mate'rialssuch as cotton and silk, which will take the dye in different shades or amounts, or the warp or filling yarns have had to be separately dyed with two different colored dyes prior to weaving.

The main feature of my process is to treat the warp during the slashing process with the first step of a two step dyein process, the nature of the ingredientthereo added to the size being such that it will have noxappreciable effect upon the functioning of the size, nor will the size have any appreciable effect upon its functioning, weaving the cloth in the usual manner with a filling and later treating the fabric with the second step of ,a two step dyeing process, which acts upon the prepared warpto form" the'dye thereon. I am aware that hitherto it has been suggested to add, a direct or substantive dye to the size to simultaneously size and. dye the fabric with a one step dyein process. As the actual water soluble dye as to'be inserted with the size it is obvious that in a short space of time,

Application 'flled July 20,

terial for the purposes of my invention whattype of a two step dyeing process'be em- Iployed so long as one is chosen wherein the rst step has no appreciable effect upon the functioning of the size, nor the sizeon its functioning. The typesof two step dyein processes however, may be generally classe as'three, namely (A) where the first step thereof consists of treating the warp with a water soluble chemical having non-dyeing properties such as an organic or inorganic mordant or a soluble mineral salt. and the second step treating it with a dye. where the first step consists of treating it with a dye or a dye component and the second step consists of treating it with an additional dye component and (G) where the first step consists of treating the warp with a dyestuif in a true or modified. form and the second step consists of treating it with a chemical having an oxidizing or a reducing action. The subject matter of species A is specifically claimed in this application, namely, where a acts upon the mordanted warp alone and later dyeing the fabric with'a direct color which acts on the unmordanted filling. This process is impractical and expensive for two reasons: it requi'res the extra cost of an entirely distinct and separate step such as mord'anting independently of any sizing and prior to weaving of suitably treating the proper threads with the first step of a two step dyeing process. Thus the added cost of this added step makes thismethod of dyeing im practical. The warp is fir t beamed in a suitable fashion for use in-a loom and then passed through a slasher box to cover it with a size so that the individual warp threads will stand up during the friction and wear they receive in the weaving process, the fabric is. then woven inthe-usual manner- Thus in the ployed without the necessity of purchasing extra dyeing or mordanting elrl uipment or without turning the cotton mi into a dye house. After weaving the fabric in the gray form it may then be sent to the dye house.

where the rest of my process may be completed to dye the fabric in contrasting colors vwiththe usual dyeing equipment by any of the well-known rocesses.

These and suc other objects of my invention as may hereinafter appear willbe best understood from a description of various embodiments of my process.

My invention includes simultaneously treating the warp threads in. the slashing process with asuitable size for weaving an with a first in edient of a two step dyein process, each 0 which has no appreciable e set on the functioning of the other, weaving the cloth in the usual manner with a filhn and then treating the entire fabric with the second step of a two step dyeing process which acts upon the prepared war to form the dye thereon. If desired the ling may be left white or it may also be dyed by again dyeing the fabric with a dye of a different nature and color, which acts on the filling to dye it a contrasting color to the war Whether the filling beleft white or dyed it is obvious that it Wlll always of a contrastinicolor to the dyed warp.

s stated it is immaterial what ty e of a two step dyeing process be employe and a two step dyeing process may be selected wherein the first step thereof comprises treat ing the warp with an ingredient which is neither a dye nor a dye component, but merely a certain type of water soluble chemical having nond ing properties, weaving the cloth with a lling and then treating the en tire fabric with the second step of a two step dyeing process which inthe generic sense of my broad invention, may comprise a dye pr a dye component. It is obvious that various types of well-known two step dyeing .proc ems may be included in this class, as where the first step comprises a ply ng a mordant to the warp and the secon step com rises applying a dye to the fabric. A species of this class which is the species specifically claimed in this application comprises adding an orbasic color to the fabric a ter weaving. Also there may be included in this class-the precipitation of mineral pigments in the cloth as is usual in khaki dyeing, namely, ap lying a soluble mineral salt with the size to t e warp and forming the color by later precipitating the pigment by treating with an hydroxide.

I will now describe the embodiment of my invention s ecifically claimed in this application, whic consists in dyeing the warp with a basic color. The slashing or size tank is filled up to the usual working level with the following material in approximately the fol-' lowing proportions,

pounds sago flour or any other suitable starch or sizin material dissolved in gallons of water y boiling it'twenty minutes; then if desired 2 gallons alizarine oil may be added, then a solution of20 pounds of tannic acid and 10 allons of hot water may be added to the size solution. It is understood that in place of sago flour, any suitable starch or sizing material in proportions dependin on the result desired may be employed an that in place of tannin, any other mordant,

mordant, which has no appreciable effect on the size, and the size on it, may be employed.

' After the size and mordant have been mixed g the usual squeeze rolls, around the usual drying cans and on to the usual beam where it is conveniently beamed and then put aside for use in the loom.

The cloth is then woven with the mordanted and sized warp and preferably an unprepared filling. If desired, however, the filling maybe dyed or otherwise prepared. The now complete to the dye house.

- After arrival at the dye house the fabric.

is then treated in any of the usual manners, preferably for one-half'an hour in the ji with a solution of an antimony salt whic may consist of ounce per gallon to fix the tannic acid or other mordant on to the warp threads, the time and nature of the treatment depending on the effect to be produced. The fabric is then preferably well washed, preferably given two runs through a warmsolution of alum, about two ounces to the gallon, then a ain washed. After this later washing, the fa ric is dyed in the usual manner with a basic" ye, preferabla 3 to 4 percent solution thereof, which basic dye as is well-known acts upon the mordanted warp. alone and has no appreciable eifect upon the filling.) Thus if it is desired to d e the the strengthof the solution depending upon if a basic dye is to be employed an organic gray cloth is then shipped with the color desired; Then, if it is desired to mercerize the goods, they may be dried,

singed, mercerized in the usual fashion, scoured and washed. If it is not desired to mercerize the goods, and if mercerized after the last wash, the second color is merely put" on the filling by dyeing the entire fabric preferably with a direct or substantive dye of a contrasting color or shade in any of the usual manners. preferably with a 3 or 4%.

solution thereof, the strength, however, depending upon the shade desired. The direct color may be put upon the filling in any one of the well known processes, preferably in a jig. If no mercerizing is done, the goods sary to draw off the basic dye bath, wash the goods, give them a light soaping and put in the direct dye to form a new bath in the same jig. The goods may then be washed, dried, and finished in the usual manner. If

it is desired to have the filling threads undyed, or left white a contrasting color to the dyed warp. the last step of dyeing the fabric with a direct color may be dispensed with. In place of an organic mordant, it is obvious that an'inorganic mordant may be inserted in the size and the goods dyed later with other types of suitable dyes besides basic dyes. Thus, if desired, the acetates or hydroxides of aluminum, iron or chromium may be inserted with the size and after weaving the goods, they maybe treated with a suitable fixing agent and then dyed with a suitable dye such as 'alizarine to dye the warp. It is'obvious that in place of a mordant any type of a dye preparatory chemical may be employed. Where it is desired to impregnate a pigment on the fabric as is done in khaki dyeing a soluble mineral salt, as ferric chloride, acetate of iron, or acetateof chromium may be the ingredient of the first step and after weaving the goods, they maybe aftertreated in a causticsoda or other hydroxide solution to impregnate the fabric with a basic hydroxide of iron, chromium etc., the actual pigment or dyestufi of dyes of this description, as is well known, the basic hydroxide ofchromium giving a green and the basic hydroxide of iron giving a yellow. As stated hitherto, although my process is claimed generically in this application the type of two step dyeing process specifically claimed herein only includes those whereinthe first step of the process comprises inserting with the size a water soluble chemical or other ingredient having nondyeing properties,

which may not strictly speaking, be termed a dye or a dye component.

lt -is obvious however that a two step dyeing process may be selected wherein the first step thereof normally comprises treating the warp not .with a water soluble chemical having nondyeing properties, but with a real dye ingredient-or a dyestuif in-a' true or modified form or an intermediate dye component, I

which would have no appreciable effect on .the size, nor the size on its functioning. So

far as I am aware no one has hitherto con- -ceived of ma'nufacturing an all cellulose textile fabric having component sets of warp and filling threads ofcontrasting colors by two step dyeing process, which acts upon the prepared component set to impregnate the dye thereon. The othercomponent set may be either left White in a contrasting color to the dyed component set or dyed in a contrasting color by again separately dyeing the fabric with a dye of a different nature and color which acts on the unprepared set to dye it a contrasting color to the prepared component set. If desired each component set may be treated with a different dye ingredient of a two step dyeing process and the entire fabricsubjected to a second common step of the two step dyeing process, which will simultaneously impregnate each component set with a different dyestufl'. It is thus obvious that the other component set, normally the one not sized, may be either first dyed or prepared for simultaneously impregnating the dyestufi thereon with the other component set after weaving or left unprepared. My invention is peculiarly adapted to dye the warp threads with a relatively fast color and specifically includes simultaneously treating the warp threads with a size in the slashing process and simultaneously treating them with a dye ingredient of a two step dyeing process in the same solution. an entirely distinct and' separate step such as treating with a naphthol, namely indepen- -dently of any sizing and prior to weaving of suitably treating the proper threads with its added cost. At present in the composite process five steps are necessary.

(1) To size the warp. (2) To treat the warp threads with a dye ingredient of a two step dyeing process.

(3) To treat the warp threads with the I second step of a two step dyeing process.

(4) To treat the filling threads with a dye ingredient of a two step dyeingprocess.

(5) To treat the filling threads with the second step of a two step dyeing process.

Employing my invention however, especially where types of napthols, or indigosols later to be described are employed it is obvious that these five steps may be cut down to three, namely, step one of sizing the warp threads, and step two of treating the warp This eliminates the extra cost of the prepared fi woven and step three namely, treating the dyeing ing it with a dye in threads with a dye ingredient of a two step dyein process may be done simultaneously. Step our of treating the fillin threads with a dye ingredient of a two step yeing process will have to be done separately as usual. The sized and preparedwarp threads and ling threads may be then warp threads with the second step of their res ective two step dyeing process and in addition step five oftreating the filling threads with their separate step of their respective two step, dyeing process may be done simultaneously by treating the warp and the filling threads in the fabric with the same step.

This class of a two step dyeing process, namely where the first step in the two step rocess comprises treatin the material to e dyed with a dye or dye ingredient divides itself into two general classes namely (a) Where the second step comprises treating the fabric with an additional-dye or a dye component and,

hb) Where the second step in the dyeing comprises treating the material desired to dyestufi on the fabric.

I will now describe in detail various embodiments of these different classes, this entire generic class being claimed in application Serial #123,802 filin date July 20, 1926, signed of even date herewith, a continuation in part of application #94,089, filed March 11, 1926, which specifically claims'dyestufls of [the eneric sub-class B heretofore referred to. %yeing with a ty e of dyestufi hereinafter referred to in su class is specifically claimed in application be dved with a chemical to impregnate the- Serial #123,803 fihng date July 20, 1926,-.

signed of evendate herewith.

Although as stated, the preparation of either or both of these sets of component threads by treating them with a dye ingredient of a two stepldyeing process may be done at an point in t e preparation prior to weaving, referably so rent the warp threads while s ashing and I ill specifically describe thistreatment in this description of the application of the following dyes. As stated owever, it is immaterial whether the filling be first dyed, separately prepared, by treat.- edient of atwo step dyeing process or le t un repared. I will now describe specificallyt e application ofthe dyeing process of the type of dyestuffs normally included in classes B and 0 namely, where the Warp is simultaneously slashed and treated with a dye ingredient of a two step dyeing process where that dye ingredient comprises a d estufi or an intermediate dye component w ether after weaving the entire fabric is a r treatedwith a dye or with an intermediate dye com onent which couples with said first dye or intermediate dye component to form a dyestufi on the prepared warp as in class B or whether the d estufi be formed on thewarp by treating t e fabric with a chemical as in class C. Perhaps the most important class of dyestufl's in this general'class B are the developed colors. Applying my process to developed colors l'simuldye the warp or filling, also if desired in i faster shades than hitherto thought possible in cellulose dyeing of this description. The slasher tank solution may be pre ared as follows: 25 pounds of sago or ot er suitable size are added to 50 gallons of water. To this bath is added if desired ,2 gallons of alizarine soluble oil. To this bath is also added as an intermediate dye'component 6 pounds of naphthol A. S. and 4 pounds of dry caustic soda. Thesematerials may then be boiled together for about twenty minutes in the size tank, afterwvhich 5 ounds of sodium thiosulphate crystals are a ded.

After the contents of the size tank have been mixed well, they are then run into the slasher box and the warp sized as usual. It is thus obvious that the goods may be prepared for dyeing the warp with a developed color merel by adding a small proportion of an interme iate dye component to the sizing mixture. In place of sago, potato, corn or any suitable kind of stare flour or anysuitable sizing material may be employed, and in place ofnaphthol, caustic soda and sodium thiosulphate, any other suitable dye component with its other necessary ingredients I may be added. After standing one-half hour in the 'mixing tub, a block of ice is inserted therein. After the mixture is cooled to about 40 F. 4% pounds of sodium nitrite or other suitable chemical is added. After stahding one-half hour 4% pounds of. are preferably added.

Just prior to use, 7'-pounds of powdered chalk are preferably added, when the entire solution may be pouredhato the jig. The

powdered 'alu- I fabric is then passed through the jig for several minutes, sufficient to thoroughly diazotize and develop the color on the warp. The strength and materials and time of dyeing, of course, depend to some extent upon the shape desired. It is obvious that in place of the red base and other chemicals described, other suitable intermediate dye components or chemicals may be employed depending upon the color or shading desired to be produced. This dye bath is then run oil, the goods washed, preferably in the ig, or if desired, dried, singed and mercer1zed. If not mercerized, after the last wash, the goods may be re-dyed in the same jig preferably with a 3 or 4% solution of a substantive or direct color of a different shade. After this, they may be washed, dried and finished in the usual manner. If it is desired to have the filling threads white in contrast to the dyed warp threads, the last step of dyeing the fabric with a direct color may be dispensed with.

Any suitable type of naphthol may be employed. There have recently come on the market various different types of new naphthols, which are derivatives of naphthol such as the A. S. group, which is probably the best known which are aryl amides of betaoxy-naphthoic acid. Any of'these naphthols may be coupled with a second intermediate dye component to form a dyestufl on the prepared warp. In fact difierent naphthols of this group may be coupled w1th the same base or second intermediate dye component to form difi'erent colored dyestuffs. Thus,"if

desired very pretty fast color effects may be produced, such as by treating the warp 1n the slashing process with a naphthol S. S. W. and then treating the filling prior to weaving with a naphthol A. S. G., then weaving the cloth in the usual manner and later after treating the fabric with a fast black L. B. base, a black dye will-be developed on the prepared warp and a brownish red dye Wlll be developed on the prepared filhng, both dyes of the normal fastness of developed dyes. It is thus obvious that in employing my invention in this fnanner faster shades may be developed on the filling, than is possible by merely dyeing the filling by after dyeing the entire fabric with a direct or substantive color. It is obvious that in place of naphthol any suitable intermediate dye component may be employed and in place of a red base or a fast black L. B. base any suitable type of a second intermediate dyecomponent may be employed. If desired the stabilized diazo compounds which have recently come upon the market maybe employedas the second intermediate dye components which dissolve in water directly to form the coupling solution without the neces sity of any other chemicals or treatment. In

place of naphthols orv their derivatives any other suitable type of intermediate dye com ponent such as N. W. acid etc. may be em ployed to be coupled with a diazo component as the second step. If desired an intermediate dye component of the type of primuline may be employed as the first intermediate dye component which when diazotized and treated with a naphthol as a second dye component will develop a fast red color on the treated component set, in a sense a reversal to the method specifically described.

- I will now specifically describe the application of class C of the two step dyeing process where the first ingredient of the two step dyeing process comprises treating the fabric with a dyestufi modified or unmodified and the second step thereof comprises after treating the fabric with a chemical having an oxidizing or a reducing action. The most important types ofdyestuffs of this class includes'vat dyestuffs or their derivatives which as is well-known are among the fastest colors. Any suitable type of vat dyestufl's may be employed. If the vat dyestuff be insoluble it may be adhered to the prepared warp with the size and when the fabric is suitably afterstuff will change into aleuco compound to dye the Warp on withdrawal from the bath.

Perhaps the most important class of modified dyes which may be dyed in this manner are the stabilized water soluble derivatives .of vat dyestufi's which have recently come on the market. Any suitable type of this general type of dyestulf may be employed. What I preferably employ are the types of treated after weaving the insoluble vat dye- Q v dyestuffs described in U. S. Patents Nos. A

Ltd.- This class of ester-like derivatives whether they be produced from indigo or from indanthrenes or from any other vat dyestuffs are aftertreated to develop the .dyestuff on the fabric by reforming the dye by the action of a suitable oxidizing agent. For

the purposes of my invention however, any

suitable type of a stabilized water soluble derivative of a vat dyestufi may be employed like the dehydro-indigos as describedin German Patents Nos. 217 ,477220,173 237,- 262239,314which are later developed on the fabric by reforming the dye by the action of a suitable reducing agent.

I will specifically describe the application of an indigosol, such as indigosol O. B. for

.blue sold in America by the General Dyestuffs Corporation, specifically applying it to the war in the slashing process. The slasher tan solution may be repared as follows: ounds of sa e or ot er suitable size are ad ed to 50 gafions of water. To this bath is added if desired 2 gallons of alizarine soluble oil. .To the bath is also added as thedye ingredient of the two step dyein process 1-3 pounds of indigosol blue 04B t e amount depending on the shade de sired, preferably previously dissolved. in about 3 gallons of water. hose materials may then be boiled together for about 26 minutes in the size tank after which an amount of sodium nitrite equal in weiglrtto the indigosol used is added. After the contents have' been mixed well they are then run into the slasher box and the warp sized as usual. It'is thus obvious that the goods may i be prepared for dyeing the warp with a vat color by adding a small pro ortion of a vat dyetufl, modified,or unmodi ed to the sizing mixture. In place of sago, potato, corn, or any other suitable starch, flour orany other suitable sizing materials may be employed and in place of indi osol 043 any type of vat dyestufi modifie or unmodified referably a stabilized water soluble ester-l ke derivative of the leuco compound may be employed. In place of sodium nitrite an suitable oxidizing agent may be employs or if desired this may be dis ensed with. The goods are then woven as itherto explained and then sent from the weave shop to the dye passing the woven fabric through a gig. To

reform the dyestufi' by oxidation an to free the oxygen from the sodium nitrite preferably a ded to the first dye ingredient with the size, I preferably fill the ig. with a 2 Tw. sulphuric acid,'when dyeing with an indigosol' or like ester-like derivative the-color will immediately be developed on the warp. If other types of vat dyestuffs or their stabilized water soluble derivatives be em loyed they may be suitably reduced" to the: esired leuco compound in any well-known manner, after which the dyestufi will be reformed on the fabric by oxidation on exposure to the air. Any suitable type of acid may be employed and" any other suitable type of an oxidizing agent other than nitrite of soda maybe employed. The goods are then washed, soaked and washed," preferably in a jig or if desired dried, singed and merceri zed.

If not mercerized after the last wash the goods may be redyed in the same jig, preferably with a one or two percent solution of a substantive or direct color of a different shade. After this they may be washed, dried and finished in the usual manner. If it is desired to have the filling threads undyed and left a white in a contrasting color to the dyed warp the last step of dyeing the fabric 15 with a direct color maybe dispensed with.

If it is desired to dye the fillin threads a faster color then they may be yed with a direct color in a contrasting shade, it is obvious that the filling threads may also prior 0' to weaving be similarly treated with a dif-' ferent t pe of indigosol such as indigosol helio. he fabric is woven in the usual manner and later on passing the fabric through acid, a blue d estufli will be developed on the 86 war and a elio dyestuff will be dyed on 'the lling, thus as explained eliminating two ofthe five steps hitherto necessary in dyeing of this description.

It is obvious-that by simultaneously treatto ing the warp in the slasher. box with a size and with a first step of a two step dyeing process, each of which has no appreciable effect on the functioning of the other, weaving the cloth in the usual manner with the filling and treating the fabric with the second step of a two step dyeing process, which acts on the pre-' pared warp to form the dye thereon, that it reduces the cost of manufacturing an all cellulose. textile fabric in contrasting colors by the cost of one entire step in the process, as hitherto explained, namely by the separate step by treating the warp separately with the first step of the two step dyein process. It is apparent that I have provi ed a process me which may be readily put in the cotton mills without extra equipment and that I have shown for the first time a method of dyeing cellulose fabrics in contrasting colors with colors faster than any hitherto usedv for this. purpose.

As explained, my invention broadly ll'l-r cludes the step in the process ofmanufacturing an all cellulose textile fabric havingcom ponent sets of warp and filling threads of contrasting colors, which comprises, treating before weaving one of said component sets of threads with a dye ingredient of a two step dyeing process in any stage in the process no of manufacture thereof or both sets with a different dye ingredient of a two step dyeing process. Where this is done other than in the size bath however, it is obvious that the. cotton mills will have to be provided with additional tanks or other equipment. Wherevit is desired to thus treat the warp or the filling threads other than in the slashing proc;

.ess they may be treated in exactly the same fashion as hitherto explained with the same us I strength solutions omitting the addition of the size to the first step.

It is obvious that in place of treating the entire warp or filling with the first step of a two step dyeing process only parts of them may be so treated and I therefore employ the phrases in the claims component sets of warp and filling threads to include the entire warp or fillingthreads or any desired part thereof. I employ the words cellulose textile fabric to include an all cotton fabric, or a fabric made from the type of rayons which contain substantially the same percentage'of cellulose as cotton or a greater percentage of cellulose and which. have substantially the same aflinity for the same types of dyestuffs as cotton namely. viscose rayon, cupra-ammonium rayon and chardonet rayon, etc. entirely or mixed with cotton.

I employ the word weave in the claims in its broad sense as defined in lVebsters Dictionary of 1866 which defines it as follows: 1. To unite. as threadsv of any kind, in such a manner as to form a texture; to entwine or inter-lace into a fabric as .to weave wool, silk and the like; hence, to unite by close connection or mixture, to unite intimately 2. To form as cloth, by interlacing threads; to compose, as a texture of any kind, by putting together textile materials hence, to form into a fabric; to compose.

It is understood that my invention is not limited to the specific processes described and that various deviations may he made therefrom wlt-hout departing from the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. The herein described improved process of manufacturing an all cellulose textile fabric having component sets of warp and filling threads of contrasting colors, which comprises treating before weaving one of said component sets-of. threads with the first ste of a two step dyeing process, treating be ore weaving the other component setof threads with a different first step of a similar two step dyeing process, then weaving said prepared component sets to form the fabric, and after-treating the fabric with the second common step of the two step dyeing process which acts upon the one prepared component set to form a dye thereon and which acts upon the other differently prepared component set to form a dye of a different shade and color thereon.

2. The herein described improved process of manufacturin' an all 'cellulose textile fabric in contrastin colors which comprises simultaneously treating the warp in the slash ing process with a size and with a preparatoryingredient of a two step dyeing process, each of i which has no appreciable effect on the functioning of the other, treating the filling with a different preparatory ingredient of a similar two step dyeing p'rocess, weaving the fabric in the usual manner and treating the fabric with the second common step of the two step dyeing process which acts on the prepared warp to impregnate it with a dye and which acts on the prepared filling to impreg nate itwith a dyeof a different color and shade.

. 3. The herein described improved process dyeing process, which acts upon the one prepared component set to form a dye thereon and which acts upon the other differently prepared component set to form a-dye of a different shade and color thereon.

4. The herein described improved process of manufacturing an all cellulose textile fabric incontrasting colors which comprises simultaneously treating the warp in the slashing process with a size and with a inordant, each of which has no appreciable effect on the functioning of the other, treating the filling with a dilferent mordant, weaving the cloth in the usual manner and treating the fabric with the second common step of the two step mordant dyeing process, which acts on the prepared warp to'impregnate it with a dye and which acts on the prepared filling'to impregnate it with adye of a different color and shade.

5. An all cellulose textile fabric in the gray state made up of-interwoven warp and filling threads, the warp threads being impregnated In testimony whereof I afiix' my signature.

JOHN C. WATSON. 

